Impact of the Russian-Ukrainian Conflict on Global Food Crops.

The Russian-Ukrainian conflict has been proven to cause significant losses of life and goods on both sides. This may have potentially impacted the agricultural sector. This study examines the impact of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine on the global food situation. We performed a descriptive analysis and literature review to answer this objective. Russia and Ukraine play essential roles in world food production and trade. However, the war has disrupted food production in Ukraine. Estimated Ukrainian wheat, soybean, and maize production in 2022-2023 fell precipitously. On the other hand, Russian production of these three food products shows positive growth during the same period. Furthermore, the global supply chain and food trade are hampered, causing an increase in the world's food prices. From March to May 2022, the average global price of wheat, soybeans, and maize increased dramatically compared to during and before the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, this poses a danger to global food security, particularly for low-income countries that depend heavily on food imports from both countries. Therefore, all countries must be prepared for the possibility that the Sustainable Development Goals cannot be achieved.

Research synthesis of cybercrime laws and COVID-19 in Indonesia: lessons for developed and developing countries

The COVID-19 pandemic poses an unprecedented global challenge to the whole society. Previously, most of the physical activities were not conducted online and were not exposed to cybercrime. Thus, it necessitates paying attention to this emerging phenomenon and devising strategies for a safe online environment for all stakeholders. The current study presents a historical overview of cybercrime and the cybersecurity system and highlights cybercrimes' legal importance globally and cybercrime regulations during the Covid-19 times, specifically in the Indonesian context. Using a normative juridical approach, this study collected secondary data from various books, journals, regulatory guidelines, institutional reports, research, and the Internet. Additionally, a systematic literature search methodology was used to collect relevant secondary data from the most popular database, i.e., Scopus. Results revealed that although many nations are actively working to control cybercrimes, the issue persists, and many new cyber threats, i.e., scams and phishing, emerged during the Covid-19 pandemic. In such situations, along with the existence of a promising cybersecurity system, cybercitizens should always consider hygienic cyber tips to avoid being victims of cyber coronavirus crimes. Finally, after presenting an overview of the current state of cybercrime legislation on COVID-19, key policy recommendations for developed and developing countries are given, along with future research directions.

Multi-hazard perception during COVID-19: Evidence from rural communities in West Sumatra, Indonesia.

Risk perception in a multi-hazard environment improves the ability of risk prioritization management. The undertaken approaches to reduce the negative impacts of the disaster differ from the single hazard's effects. This work applies an online survey targeting West Sumatra-Indonesia rural communities, aiming to examine their perception of multi-hazards during the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive statistical results show that drought, the COVID-19, and earthquakes were perceived to have a proportionally more significant effect on rural communities. Unlike urban areas, rural characteristics have created barriers for the COVID-19 to spread. As a result, the economic sector is considered as the most important factors in comparison to health. Labor migration and social conflicts become more apparent, whereas farmer groups were absent in providing basic supports to their members. Likely, borrowing cash from relatives and financial institutions would be the most applicable option to reduce farmers' vulnerability.

Effects of Corruption Control on the Number of Undernourished People in Developing Countries.

Developing countries will be home to 85% of the world's population by 2030. Hence, it is important to ensure food security for them. This effort is not easy, as the number of undernourished people (NUP) in the world has increased. We investigated the impact of food and non-production factors on the NUP in developing countries. This study employed secondary data from 57 developing countries between 2002 and 2018. These countries come from three regions, namely Africa, Asia, and Latin America and the Caribbean. One-step and two-step generalized method of moments (sys-GMM) models were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that the food production index, cereal import dependency ratio, economic globalization index, and human capital index had different effects on the NUP in each region. The excellent news is that corruption control can help developing countries minimize their NUP. Based on the findings, we propose efforts to improve physical and economical food access and control corruption, and developing country governments and the international community must demonstrate a strong commitment to reducing the prevalence of undernourishment.